Clinical and Biochemical Correlates of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus and remains a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease worldwide. Poor glycemic control contributes to renal function decline and increases cardiovascular morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), estimated glomerular ltration rate (eGFR), and albuminuria in patients with DKD. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Sri Ramachandra Hospital, Chennai, including 188 patients with type 2 diabetes and DKD, dened by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Clinical, demographic, and biochemical data were collected, including HbA1c, eGFR, and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR). Patients were staged according to KDIGO GFR and albuminuria categories, and correlations were assessed using Pearson's correlation analysis. The mean age of the cohort was 52.1 ±6.2 years with 117 males and 71 females. The mean HbA1c was 8.4 ±1.4%, mean eGFR 47.1 ±20.0 mL/min/1.73 m², and mean ACR 290.9 ±214.5 mg/g. Moderately increased albuminuria (A2) was seen in 66.5% of patients and severely increased albuminuria (A3) in 33.5%. By GFR staging, 22.3% were in G2, 39.4% in G3a, 27.7% in G3b, and 10.6% in G4, with nearly 70% classied in high or very high KDIGO risk categories. Coronary artery disease was present in 71.3% and was signicantly more common in patients with HbA1c ≥ 8% and advanced CKD. HbA1c showed a signicant inverse correlation with eGFR (r = –0.24, p < 0.01) and a positive correlation with albuminuria (r = 0.28, p < 0.01). Poor glycemic control in DKD patients is strongly associated with impaired renal function, increased albuminuria, and higher cardiovascular burden, underscoring the importance of early detection and comprehensive risk management.
Authors: Chogle Ameya Sanjay, Sandhya Suresh, Manikantan S, Haridas Aalaya
Language: English
Subfield: Nephrology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4414660246
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