A Case Control Study-to Identify Prognostic Value of Eeg & to Determine Adequacy of Seizure Control of Antiepileptic Drugs(aed) in Children With Abnormal Eeg in a Cohort of Selflimiting Epilepsy Syndromes (seles)
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background: Self-limiting epilepsy syndromes (SeLES), including self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (SeLECTS), self-limited epilepsy with autonomic seizures (SeLEAS), and childhood occipital visual epilepsy (COVE), are common pediatric epilepsies with favorable prognoses. However, the prognostic signicance of electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities and optimal antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy strategies for seizure control and neurodevelopmental outcomes remain poorly dened. Methods: This 18-month case-control study at Guru Gobindsingh Government Hospital, Jamnagar, enrolled 100 children aged 3 months to 12 years with SeLES. Cases (n=50) with abnormal EEGs and controls (n=50) with normal EEGs before AED initiation were compared. Data on demographics, EEG patterns (focal vs. generalized discharges), seizure frequency, AED response, and cognitive/behavioral outcomes were collected retrospectively and prospectively. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression assessed associations between EEG ndings and unprovoked/breakthrough seizures after three months of AED therapy (p<0.05). Results: Abnormal EEGs signicantly predicted higher seizure recurrence risk (odds ratio: 2.3, p=0.02), with generalized discharges linked to a 30% relapse rate compared to 10% for focal discharges. Seizure freedom was achieved in 85% of patients, with levetiracetam effective in 90% of SeLECTS cases. SeLEAS showed longer seizure-free intervals (mean: 18 months) than COVE (12 months). Cognitive decits, primarily attention and verbal memory, affected 15% of cases with persistent interictal epileptiform discharges, while 10% exhibited behavioral issues (e.g., anxiety, ADHD), particularly in SeLEAS. Conclusion: EEG abnormalities, particularly generalized discharges, predict seizure recurrence in SeLES, guiding AED selection and duration. Subtype-specic strategies are crucial for optimizing outcomes and minimizing neurodevelopmental impacts.
Authors: Manan Vaishnav, Sonal P Shah, Bhadresh R Vyas, Sanayaa Bhonsle, Ruta Deo Sathaye
Institutions: Government Medical College, M. P. Shah Medical College
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4414710826
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