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Sex differences in the thermoregulatory and cardiovascular response to exercise in hot environmental conditions

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: In military, workplace, and sporting settings, challenging environmental conditions while performing external workloads are not always avoidable. We assessed sex differences during a 90-min treadmill walk (40°C). Males produced more metabolic heat, had higher skin blood flow, sweat rate, and cardiac output than females. Change in core temperature remained similar between sexes, challenging the proposition that women are more heat-intolerant than men. Our findings underscore the need for tailored heat tolerance strategies for both sexes.

Source: American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology

DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00139.2025