Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: ABSTRACT Estimating parameters of spatial populations requires a sample of response values distributed over the study region. When spatial trends are present, spatially balanced designs give more precise results for commonly used estimators. If auxiliary variables are available, these can also be included in the design to improve precision further. This article proposes a new spatially balanced design to force sample spread in the space of the auxiliary variables. All we require is a distance measure between population units. Numerical results show that the method generates spatially balanced samples and compares favorably with existing designs. We provide two example applications using spatial populations with auxiliary variables and consider equal and unequal probability designs.
Source: Environmetrics
DOI: 10.1002/env.70042
Authors: B. L. Robertson, C. J. Price, M. Reale
Institution: University of Canterbury
Language: English
Subfield: Statistics and Probability
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,780
Funder: University of Canterbury
OpenAlex ID: W4414807536