Failure modes and energy absorption in Glass Reinforced aluminum (GLARE) hybrid laminates subjected to three-point bending
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This paper investigates 3-point bending failure of five different types of GLARE hybrid laminates (2A, 2B, 3, 4A and 4B), with different stacking sequences and aluminum layer thicknesses. A total of 419 GLARE specimens (73 unique configurations) are tested under 3-point bending. A comprehensive analysis of the various failure mechanisms observed, effect of stacking sequence, effect of aluminum rolling direction and effect of displacement rate has been presented alongside an examination of specific energy absorption for different GLARE laminates. The results show that configurations with most glass fiber layers in 0° generally fail with delamination as the major failure mode, while configurations with glass fiber layers in 90° direction generally fail with central cracking (tensile matrix failure) as the major failure mode. GLARE 3 specimens, which have a 1:1 ratio of 0°and 90° fibers, fail with an equal mix of delamination and central cracking. A semi-analytical framework that can be used to predict the force versus displacement curve for central cracking failure has also been presented.
Source: Composites Part C Open Access
Authors: Shreyas Anand, Nachiket Dighe, Pranshul Gupta, René Alderliesten, Saullo G.P. Castro
Institution: Delft University of Technology
Language: English
Subfield: Mechanics of Materials
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,400
Funder: Technische Universiteit Delft
OpenAlex ID: W4414826987