Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is a diffuse cerebral dysfunction resulting from a systemic inflammatory response to sepsis. Diagnosing sepsis-associated encephalopathy remains challenging because existing examination methods, such as clinical profiles, laboratory biomarkers, and head computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have debatable sensitivity and specificity. Several EEG patterns in sepsis-associated encephalopathy include background rhythm slowing (theta and delta), burst suppression, triphasic waves, and periodic epileptiform discharges (PEDs). Electroencephalogram (EEG) has proven to have high sensitivity in detecting sepsis-associated encephalopathy from an early stage, even when neurological examination does not show significant abnormalities. EEG examination is a non-invasive method that is easy, inexpensive, and more widely available than other methods. Nevertheless, EEG cannot be used as a single diagnostic tool and needs to be combined with clinical parameters, laboratory biomarkers, and brain imaging to obtain accurate diagnosis. ABSTRAKEnsefalopati sepsis merupakan disfungsi serebral difus akibat respons inflamasi sistemik terhadap kondisi sepsis. Diagnosis ensefalopati sepsis masih menjadi tantangan karena metode pemeriksaan yang ada, seperti profil klinis, biomarker laboratorium, serta pencitraan computed tomography-scan (CT-scan) atau magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kepala, memiliki sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang masih diperdebatkan. Beberapa pola electroencephalogram (EEG) pada ensefalopati sepsis meliputi perlambatan irama dasar (theta dan delta), burst suppression, gelombang trifasik, serta periodic epileptiform discharges (PEDs). EEG terbukti memiliki sensitivitas tinggi dalam mendeteksi ensefalopati sepsis sejak tahap awal, bahkan ketika pemeriksaan neurologis belum menunjukkan abnormalitas signifikan. Pemeriksaan EEG merupakan metode noninvasif yang mudah, murah, serta lebih banyak tersedia dibandingkan metode lainnya. Meskipun demikian, EEG tidak dapat digunakan sebagai alat diagnostik tunggal dan perlu dikombinasikan dengan parameter klinis, biomarker laboratorium, serta pencitraan otak untuk mendapatkan diagnosis yang lebih akurat.
Source: Berkala NeuroSains
Institutions: Universitas Gadjah Mada, Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4414839441
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