Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: We investigate the interaction between a nonrotating black hole and incoming gravitational waves, that is, a distorted black hole, using the characteristic formulation of the Einstein field equations, framed as a Bondi problem. By adopting retarded time as the null coordinate and recognizing that the final state is invariably a black hole, we show that an apparent horizon forms once sufficient mass accretes onto the black hole. We derive the evolution of the Bondi mass and compute its final value, enabling us to quantify the fraction of the incident mass absorbed by the black hole. Additionally, we establish a nonextensive relation for the absorbed mass as a function of initial parameters, such as the amplitude of the gravitational wave data.
Author: H. P. de Oliveira
Institution: Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Language: English
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G1840770272, G2168574659, G2584274330
OpenAlex ID: W4414932947