Work

Successful Management of Oxacillin-Induced Eosinophilic Myocarditis and Review of the Literature

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Numerous medications have been implicated in precipitating eosinophilic myocarditis (EM), particularly antipsychotics and cytotoxic drugs. Antibiotic-induced EM, scarcely reported in the literature, carries a high mortality rate. CASE SUMMARY: A 56-year-old man with a history of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome presented with acute heart failure after completing oxacillin treatment for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Diagnosis of antibiotic-induced EM was established with endomyocardial biopsy, and the patient made full recovery with high-dose steroid treatment. REVIEW SUMMARY: Prompt diagnosis and early steroid treatment is essential in reducing mortality in patients with antibiotic-induced EM. Multidisciplinary discussion is vital, and development of clinical scoring criteria to identify high-risk patients may assist clinicians in pursuing early endomyocardial biopsy to expedite diagnosis. TAKE-HOME MESSAGE: Antibiotic-induced EM is exceedingly rare but should be suspected when acute heart failure is associated with systemic inflammatory symptoms.

Source: JACC Case Reports

DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2025.105297

Authors: Arnold Gan, Morgan Burke, Eric Yang, Tiffany Lien, Khalida Arif, Maxine Stachel

Institutions: University of Southern California, Keck Hospital of USC

Language: English

Topic: Eosinophilic Disorders and Syndromes

Subfield: Rheumatology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $850