Work

Modifying effects of PM2.5 and O3 on heat-related cardiorespiratory hospitalizations in Brazil

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Extreme heat is a critical public health threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. While its direct health impacts are well documented, less is known about how air pollution modifies heat-related risks. We analyzed daily hospital admissions for circulatory and respiratory diseases in Brazil (2008-2018), combined with high-resolution temperature and pollution (PM₂.₅ and O₃) data. Using generalized additive models and random-effects meta-analysis, we found that PM₂.₅ consistently amplified the effect of heat on respiratory admissions, with a 20.1% increase in risk under high PM₂.₅ conditions (95% CI 4.8-35.4%). In contrast, O₃ showed heterogeneous effects, including a national-level protective association at high concentrations (- 7.6%, 95% CI - 9.6 to - 5.6%). Regional analyses revealed stronger interactions in the North and Southeast. These findings indicate that PM₂.₅ exacerbates, and O₃ variably modifies, heat-related hospitalizations in Brazil, underscoring the need for regionally tailored adaptation and air quality policies.

Source: Scientific Reports

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19542-1

Authors: Weeberb J. Requia, Heresh Amini, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva

Institutions: Fundação Getulio Vargas, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Universidade de São Paulo

Language: English

Topic: Air Quality and Health Impacts

Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Good health and well-being, Climate action, Sustainable cities and communities

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,690