Work

Photo-Set: A Proposed Dataset and Benchmark for Physics-Based Cybersecurity Monitoring in Photovoltaic Systems

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Modern photovoltaic (PV) systems face increasing cybersecurity threats due to their integration with smart grid infrastructure. While previous research has identified vulnerabilities, the lack of standardized datasets has hindered the development and evaluation of detection algorithms. Building upon our previously introduced Photo-Set dataset, this paper presents a benchmark evaluation of anomaly detection algorithms for PV cybersecurity applications. We evaluate three state-of-the-art algorithms (One-Class SVM, Isolation Forest, and Local Outlier Factor) across 12 attack scenarios, establishing performance baselines and identifying algorithm-specific strengths and limitations. Our experimental results reveal a clear detectability hierarchy. This work proposes a standardized benchmark for PV cybersecurity research and provides the industry with evidence-based guidance for security system deployment.

Source: Energies

DOI: 10.3390/en18195318

Authors: Afroz Mokarim, Giovanni Battista Gaggero, Giulio Ferro, Michela Robba, Paola Girdinio, Mario Marchese

Institution: University of Genoa

Language: English

Topic: Smart Grid Security and Resilience

Subfield: Control and Systems Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Affordable and clean energy, Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,137