Work

Clinical Value of Various Histological Factors in Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumors in 197 Dogs

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Many histological tests have been correlated with outcome in mast cell tumors (MCTs)in dogs, but their statistical independence is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical value of histological factors in the prognostication of dogs with MCTs. ANIMALS: One hundred and ninety-seven dogs with 199 histologically diagnosed cutaneous (n = 153) and subcutaneous (n = 43) MCTs treated surgically in primary care practice. All had a commercial prognostic panel performed (Patnaik and Kiupel grade, mitotic count, Ki67, AgNOR, KiAg, c-kit mutation in exons 8 and 11 and KIT localization). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study identifying dogs from searching a commercial laboratory's records (January 2017-August 2020). Follow-up was collected from clinical records. Outcome measures included MCT specific survival (MSS) and recurrence. RESULTS: Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression identified only mitotic count > 5 (HR 10.2; 95% CI 3.2-32.8; p < 0.001) predicted poorer MSS across all MCTs. In Patnaik grade I or II and Kiupel low-grade cutaneous MCTs, only c-kit mutation in exon 11 (HR 20.8; 95% CI 1.80-224.8; p = 0.015) predicted MSS. A c-kit mutation in exon 11 (HR 10.0; 95% CI 3.0-32.9; p < 0.001), age, and histological tumor free margins < 2 mm independently predicted cutaneous and subcutaneous MCT recurrence. In Patnaik grade I or II, and Kiupel low-grade cutaneous MCTs, c-kit mutation in exon 11 (HR 23.20; 95% CI 2.3-231.3; p = 0.007) and AgNOR (HR 13.73; 95% CI 1.6-115.6; p = 0.016) predicted MCT recurrence. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: This study suggests a comparatively greater role of c-kit mutations in exon 11 and AgNOR in the prognostication of MCTs, while Ki67 appears less important.

Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

DOI: 10.1111/jvim.70244

Authors: Katherine Boyd, Melanie Dobromylskyj, Imogen Schofield, Dan O'Neill, Celia Figueroa, Owen Davies

Institutions: Royal Veterinary College, Veterinary Oncological Center, All-Russian Research Institute for Animal Health

Language: English

Topic: Veterinary Oncology Research

Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,000