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When Common Tumours Hide in Uncommon Places: Paediatric Sacral Ewing Sarcoma With Metastases

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Ewing's sarcoma is a highly aggressive malignant small round blue cell tumour that typically affects the long bones and axial skeleton in children and adolescents. Sacral involvement is uncommon, often leading to diagnostic delays due to nonspecific symptoms. We report a case of a nine-year-old girl presenting with chronic back pain and weight loss, eventually found to have a large sacral mass with hepatic metastases. Imaging revealed a destructive presacral tumour with soft tissue extension, and histopathology confirmed Ewing's sarcoma with EWSR1 rearrangement. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of rare anatomical sites, emphasises the value of multimodality imaging, and reinforces the importance of including Ewing's sarcoma in the differential for persistent paediatric back pain.

Source: Cureus

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.94789

Authors: Audrey R Rumhumha, Nabeela Kazee, Mantsane Mokone

Institution: University of the Witwatersrand

Language: English

Topic: Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment

Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4415296539