Work

Peroxiredoxins in central nervous system: implications for chronic pain and anaesthetic-induced neurotoxicity management

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Oxidative stress, an imbalance between prooxidant-antioxidant system, is regarded as one of the crucial causative pathomechanisms of chronic pain. However, direct scavenging of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by antioxidants may disrupt normal physiological homeostasis. Peroxiredoxins (Prdxs), a family of ROS-regulating enzymes, have recently aroused growing interest in the broad field of antioxidant research. Six distinct groups of Prdxs (Prdx1-6) have been identified to date. Prdxs are essential for regulating diverse biological processes including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, mitochondrial dynamics, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and synaptic plasticity. Interestingly, the differential expression patterns of Prdxs in central nervous system (CNS) tissues, cell types, and subcellular locations imply specialized functions. This review systematically summarizes the expression patterns of specific Prdx in tissues and cells of murine and human, as well as the regulatory factors of enzymatic activity. It also discusses the underlying cellular signaling pathways through which Prdxs participate in several biological processes as well as chronic pain and anaesthetic-induced neurotoxicity. In addition, we summarize the therapeutic potential of Prdxs inducers in CNS disorders based on preclinical studies. A better understanding of these processes can promote the development of novel therapeutic targets for treating chronic pain and anaesthetic-induced neurotoxicity. • The potential differences in expression patterns and enzymatic activities of Prdxs imply specialized functions. • Prdxs have been implicated as important regulators of diverse biological processes. • Prdxs play a crucial role in chronic pain and anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity. • Prdxs inducers exert beneficial effects in CNS disorders in preclinical studies.

Source: Redox Biology

DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2025.103898

Authors: Meng-meng Ge, Xiao-min Zhang, Chao Xu, Chang-hong Miao, Qing-wu Liao

Institutions: Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Fudan University, Zhongshan Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Redox biology and oxidative stress

Subfield: Molecular Biology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $4,310