Year: 2025
Type: preprint
Abstract: It is well known that minimizers of the Allen-Cahn-type functional \[ J_ε(u):=\int_Ω\frac{ε|\nabla u|^2}{2}+\frac{W(u)}ε, \] where $W$ is a double-well potential, resemble minimal surfaces in the sense that their level sets converge to a minimal surface as $ε\to 0$. In this work, we consider the indicator potential $W(τ)=χ_{(-1,1)}(τ)$, which leads to the Bernoulli-type free-boundary problem \[ \left\{\begin{alignedat}{2} Δu&=0&\quad&\textrm{in}\quad\{|u|<1\} |\nabla u|&=ε^{-1}&\quad&\textrm{on}\quad\partial \{|u|<1\}. \end{alignedat} \right. \] We provide a short proof that the transition layers are uniformly $C^{2,α}$ regular, up to the free boundary. In addition to the uniform $C^{2,α}$ estimate, we also obtain improved $C^α$ mean curvature bound that decays in an algebraic rate of $ε$, which confirms the convergence of interfaces to the minimal surface in a very strong sense. We present a simple elliptic equation \[ Δϕ=H^2-|\mathbf{A}|^2 \] where $ϕ=\log(1/|\nabla u|)$ is the log-gradient of $u$, $H$ and $\mathbf{A}$ are the mean curvature and the second fundamental form of level surfaces, respectively. From this, the uniform estimates readily follow. The whole argument is performed in a general Riemannian manifold setting.
Source: arXiv (Cornell University)
Author: An-Lacroix, Jingeon
Institution: University of Basel
Language: English
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4415345167
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