Work

The use of magnesium sulfate can reduce the mortality risk of cirrhosis patients: a retrospective cohort study

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Background: Magnesium deficiency is common in patients with cirrhosis, but there is a lack of real-world evidence to support the effect of magnesium supplementation on prognosis. Objective: To explore whether magnesium sulfate supplementation is beneficial for patients with cirrhosis using data from the MIMIC-IV database. Methods: Patients with cirrhosis were divided into magnesium sulfate group and non-magnesium sulfate group according to medication use during hospitalization after admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). In-hospital all-cause mortality was the primary outcome, and 180-day all-cause mortality was the secondary outcome. Propensity score matching (PSM) method, univariate and multivariate regression analysis were used to evaluate the effect of magnesium sulfate on prognosis, and Kaplan-Meier curves, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to clarify the stability of the results. Results: The prematched cohort included 3,312 patients, while the propensity score matched cohort included 1,308 patients. In the PSM analysis, the in-hospital all-cause mortality in the magnesium sulfate group was 22.0% (144/654), and that in the non-use group was 31.0% (203/654). Magnesium sulfate use was associated with lower in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.69; P < 0.001) and reduced all-cause mortality at 180 days after ICU admission (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% CI, 0.51-0.72; P < 0.001). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these results. Conclusion: Magnesium sulfate use is associated with reduced in-hospital and 180-day all-cause mortality in ICU patients with cirrhosis, which needs to be verified in prospective studies.

Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology

DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1551495