Optical blocking filters for the Multi-slit Solar Explorer mission: in-band extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray transmittance spectroscopy measurements and analysis
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) filters are critical components in solar space missions, ensuring the required wavelength selection and visible light attenuation. As part of the advancement for the NASA Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE) mission, we present a detailed in-band EUV and out-of-band soft X-ray transmittance characterization of small samples of filter candidates representing two design choices for the mission: a baseline design based on heritage filters from past successful missions and an alternative design employing carbon nanotube (CNT) pellicles as substrates. Our aim is both to present the experimental EUV/soft X-ray transmittance measurements and, through proper data analysis, to retrieve the atomic areal densities and the inner layer thicknesses of each sample, including the quantification of the metal oxide layers for each different substrate. The measurements demonstrate the in-band transmittance performance of both heritage and CNT-based filters across EUV bands. These results provide useful input for the construction of the response functions for MUSE and similar EUV space missions. Furthermore, the methodology establishes a framework for the optimization and characterization of thin-film materials tailored as EUV entrance filters for space-based solar observations.
Authors: Edoardo Alaimo, Michela Todaro, Luisa Sciortino, Ugo Lo Cicero, Federico Fiorentino, Fabio D'Anca, Salvatore Varisco, Roberto Candia, Gaspare Di Cicca, Fabio Reale, Paolo Pagano, Costanza Argiroffi, Antonino Petralia, Paola Testa, Gabriele Cozzo, Peter N. Cheimets, Paul Boerner, Bart W. De Pontieu, Vincentz Knagenhjelm, Pekka T. Törmä, Mika Moisanen, Bjørn Mikladal, Bahawal Haq, Benjamin R. Zeiger, Pascal Mercère, Paulo Da Silva, Daniele Brienza, Denise Perrone, Marco Stangalini, Marco Barbera
Institutions: University of Palermo, Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, National Institute for Astrophysics, Smithsonian Institution, Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian, Lockheed Martin (United States), Lockheed (United States), University of Oslo, Canatu (Finland), Luxel (United States), Synchrotron SOLEIL, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
Language: English
Subfield: Instrumentation
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Awards: G1756043074, G1912533002, G2983675062
OpenAlex ID: W4415405196