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SAT-340 Trends in Thyroid Cancer Mortality in the United States: A 25-Year Analysis Using CDC WONDER Database

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Disclosure: A. Garg: None. M. Asfaw: None. J. Kumar: None. V. Lavu: None. L. Lawrence: None. S. Kumar: None. Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) incidence has risen globally in recent decades, while mortality has generally declined, except in the United States, where it has increased [1]. This study analyzes TC mortality trends over the past 25 years to provide insights into disease burden and disparities. Methods: TC-related deaths in adults aged 25 and older were retrieved from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database (1999-2023) using ICD-10 code C73. Crude mortality rates (CMRs) and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 were calculated by age, gender, race, ethnicity, urbanization level, and region, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for precision. Temporal trends and annual percentage changes (APCs) were analyzed using jointpoint regression. Results: From 1999 to 2023, there were 49,142 deaths from TC, reflecting a 73.1% increase in mortality in that time frame. The highest APC increase in CMR was seen in the 85+ age group (1.22, CI: 0.79 to 1.73, p < 0.01), followed by 75-84 years (0.49, CI: 0.13 to 0.89, p = 0.01), and 45-54 years (0.21, CI: -0.51 to 0.94, p = 0.56). In contrast, mortality declined in the 55-64 years (-0.53, CI: -0.90 to -0.13, p < 0.01), 25-34 years (-1.24), 35-44 years (-0.25), and 65-74 years (-0.02) populations. Females had higher mortality, but lower AAMRs than males (0.50, APC: 0.07; CI: -0.22 to 0.39, p = 0.58 vs. 0.51, APC: 0.64; CI: 0.37 to 0.97, p < 0.01). White individuals had the highest AAMR (0.49; APC: 0.39, CI: 0.22 to 0.58, p < 0.01), followed by Asians (0.63, APC: -0.63, CI: -1.32 to 0.23, p = 0.16), Black individuals (0.47; APC: -0.18, CI: -0.70 to 0.40, p = 0.58), and American Indians (0.32). Hispanics had a higher AAMR (0.60; APC: 0.13, CI: -0.29 to 0.65, p = 0.47) compared to non-Hispanics (0.49; APC: 0.26, CI: -0.01 to 0.56, p = 0.06). Central Metro areas had the highest deaths (29%), while NonCore (Nonmetro) areas had the lowest (7.7%). The highest increase in APC in AAMR was observed in the West (0.72, p < 0.01), followed by the South (0.39, p < 0.01), and Midwest regions (0.30, p = 0.05). The Northeast showed a slight decline (-0.23, p = 0.27). Conclusion: The rise in TC mortality, particularly among those aged 75+, females, and Whites, is concerning and points to a growing public health issue. The higher AAMR observed in Hispanics further suggests that this group faces a disproportionate burden of the disease. Regional trends, with the West and South showing the highest APC increases, indicate geographic and systemic influences, while urban-rural differences reflect variations in healthcare utilization and exposure risks. These trends highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions to address these disparities, improve early detection, and ensure more effective treatment for the most affected populations. References: 1. La Vecchia et al., Int J Cancer. 2015 May 1;136(9):2187-95. Presentation: Saturday, July 12, 2025

Source: Journal of the Endocrine Society