Work

Development and Validation of an IMU Sensor-Based Behaviour-Alert Detection Collar for Assistance Dogs: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Assistance dogs have shown promise in alerting to epileptic seizures in their owners, but current approaches often lack consistency, standardisation, and objective validation. This proof-of-concept study presents the development and initial validation of a wearable behaviour-alert detection collar developed for trained assistance dogs. It demonstrates the technical feasibility for automated detection of trained signalling behaviours. The collar integrates an inertial sensor and machine learning pipeline to detect a specific, trained alert behaviour of two rapid clockwise spins used by dogs to signal a seizure event. Data were collected from six trained dogs, resulting in 135 labelled spin alerts. Although the dataset size is limited compared to other machine learning applications, this reflects the real-world constraint that it is not practical for assistance dogs to perform excessive spin signalling during their training. Four supervised machine learning models (Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, and SVM) were evaluated on segmented accelerometer and gyroscope data. Random Forest achieved the highest performance (F1-score = 0.65; accuracy = 92%) under a Leave-One-DOG-Out (LODO) protocol. The system represents a novel step toward combining intentional canine behaviours with wearable technology, aligning with trends on the Internet of Medical Things. This proof-of-concept demonstrates technical feasibility and provides a foundation for future development of real-time seizure-alerting systems, representing an important first step toward scalable animal-assisted healthcare innovation.

Source: Animals

DOI: 10.3390/ani15213081

Authors: Shelley Brady, Alan F Smeaton, Hailin Song, Tomas Ward, Aoife Smeaton, Jennifer Dowler

Institutions: Dublin City University, Insight SFI Research Centre for Data Analytics

Language: English

Topic: Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems

Subfield: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Field: Computer Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,896