Merkel cell carcinoma of the parotid gland: a rare case report and literature review
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Case Report
Abstract: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and highly malignant neuroendocrine tumor. It typically manifests on the skin of the head, neck, and limbs. However, the primary MCC of the parotid gland is exceedingly rare, and the clinical diagnosis can be challenging. A 55-year-old female patient presented with a mass in the left parotid gland, with no evidence of other primary cutaneous lesions. Doppler ultrasound of the parotid gland revealed a solid hypoechoic lesion measuring approximately 22 × 16 mm. She underwent a left superficial parotidectomy under general anesthesia. Postoperative histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of primary Merkel cell carcinoma of the left parotid gland. No tumor recurrence was observed during the 10-month postoperative follow-up. Merkel carcinoma is a highly aggressive tumor with a very poor prognosis. Diagnosing Merkel carcinoma primarily relies on immunohistochemical techniques. The treatment for Merkel carcinoma mainly involves early and complete surgical resection, followed by postoperative adjuvant therapy. Currently, there are no pharmacological agents specifically approved for the treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma. Primary Merkel carcinoma of the parotid gland is extremely rare. This case provides detailed clinical, histopathological, and therapeutic insights that may aid in improving early diagnosis and guiding effective surgical management. It also underscores the importance of vigilant postoperative follow-up to monitor for recurrence. • Rare presentation: Primary Merkel cell carcinoma arising in the parotid gland is extremely uncommon and poses significant diagnostic challenges. • Accurate diagnosis: Combined preoperative imaging (ultrasound and CT) and postoperative histopathology with immunohistochemistry enabled a definitive diagnosis. • Favorable outcome with timely surgery: Early superficial parotidectomy achieved complete tumor removal and an excellent short-term prognosis without recurrence at 10-month follow-up.
Authors: Pengfei Zhao, Shiyuan Liu, Tailiang Wu, Pengzhan Dai, Xiaoge Zhang, Wei Li
Language: English
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,090
OpenAlex ID: W4415534046