Work

Physiological, transcriptomic, and genomic analysis unravels the response of Tatary buckwheat root to high ammonium stress

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Toxicity caused by high ammonium severely affects plant growth and crop production, it is urgent to breed high NH 4 + -tolerant and high-yield plants. However, the molecular mechanisms on the response and tolerance of plant to high NH 4 + remain poorly understood. In this study, four different genotypes of Tartary buckwheat ( Fagopyrum tataricum Garetn.) were used to investigate the molecular mechanism on high NH 4 + response by integrating physiological, transcriptome, and genome analysis. The root and shoot growth of Tartary buckwheat (TB) seedlings were significantly inhibited by 50 and 100 mmol/L NH 4 + treatments. High NH 4 + inhibits root growth by affecting activities of antioxidant enzymes, thereby suppressing plant growth. In total 426 high NH 4 + -responsive common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in TB. Most of DEGs involved in antioxidant enzyme system, hormone signaling, and N transport and assimilation were down-regulated by high NH 4 + . Co-expression analysis suggested the possible hub genes in regulating high NH 4 + response, such as FtNRT1.14 , FtMYB61/52 , FtbZIP6/34 , FtNAC72/73 , and FtLTP14. 19 small secreted peptides (SSPs) encoding genes were respond to high NH 4 + , including FtCLE7 and FtCEP3 . The up-regulation of FtCLE7 expression and down-regulation of FtCEP3 expression may help plants to optimize root perception and response to high NH 4 + . Additionally, 443 genotype-specific high NH 4 + -responsive DEGs with sequence variation were identified by integrating transcriptome and genome re-sequencing data. The TFs such as MYB , MADS , and LBD genes and the RLKs such as FtBAM1/3 may help TB to adapt to high NH 4 + . This work provides useful information for investigating the mechanisms on TB respond to high NH 4 + , and the candidate genes for breeding TB with high NH 4 + tolerance were suggested.

Source: Frontiers in Plant Science

DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1669365