Work

Optimal control analysis of a mathematical model of malaria and COVID-19 co-infection dynamics

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: In this paper, we analyze a deterministic model of malaria and Corona Virus Disease 2019 co-infection within a homogeneous population. We first studied the single infection model of each disease and then the co-infection dynamics. We calculate the basic reproduction number of each model and study the existence and stability of the steady states. Then, we show that under some suitable conditions, both the malaria single infection model and co-infection model exhibit backward bifurcation. Furthermore, we analyze the conditions of extinction, competitive exclusion and co-existence of these two diseases. In addition, a local sensitivity analysis of the basic reproduction numbers is performed to explore the impact of the different parameters' variability on the dynamics of each disease. Moreover, we apply Pontryagin's maximum principle to determine optimal strategies to control the two diseases in case of co-infection. Finally, some numerical simulation results are presented to support the theoretical findings.

Source: Journal of Biological Dynamics

DOI: 10.1080/17513758.2025.2568392

Authors: Abou Bakari Diabaté, Boureima Sangaré, Ousmane Koutou

Institutions: Nazi Boni University, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo

Language: English

Topic: Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models

Subfield: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,533