Estimating the decay of protective antibodies induced by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and hybrid immunity
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Starting in 2020, we quantified anti-wildtype SARS-CoV-2 spike sera IgG at monthly intervals from generally healthy adults after various doses of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination and in the context of hybrid immunity. Confirmed post-vaccination infections and subclinical infections identified by longitudinal serology were removed from vaccine-only analyses. Over 400 days, the two-dose vaccine-alone antibody response decayed at a half-life ( t 1/2 ) of 59.8 days compared with a t 1/2 of 99.7 days after receipt of one booster dose. In the hybrid immunity model, the t 1/2 was greater at 241 days. Using cut-offs for correlation of protection obtained in a prior study, we modeled that individuals with hybrid immunity maintain antibody levels above a 75% correlate of immunity for 283 days after an immune-boosting event. These data offer insights into SARS-CoV-2 antibody decay kinetics that may inform COVID-19 vaccine timing in the younger (age under 60), healthy adult population.
Source: npj Viruses
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,790
Awards: COLLABORATIVE CLINICAL RESEARCH ACTIVITIES, G3500539053, G3637497573, "COVID-19". COVID-19 - 1) EPIDEMIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES WITH PANDEMIC POTENTIAL (EPICC-EID) 2) ADAPTIVE COVID-19 TREATMENT TRIAL(ACTT), G4556025925, G5236118783, COVID-19 VACCINE DURABILITY AND PREDICTORS OF IMMUNITY, VACCINE DURABILITY AND PREDICTORS OF IMMUNITY AND REACTOGENICITY, G8452773626
OpenAlex ID: W4415651050