Investigation of association between serum C‐reactive protein concentrations and proteinuria in dogs
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: Identify if serum C-reactive protein concentrations and specific diseases are associated with proteinuria (defined as urine protein:creatinine ratio >0.2) in dogs without known pathological pre-renal, renal or post-renal causes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hypothesis generating retrospective study. Dogs with contemporaneous urine protein:creatinine ratio and serum C-reactive protein concentrations and without known causes of pathological pre-renal, renal or post-renal causes of proteinuria were included. Continuous and categorical variables were compared between groups using non-parametric statistics, and multivariable logistic regression analyses evaluated associations between specific diseases or selected clinicopathological variables (including serum C-reactive protein concentrations) and proteinuria. RESULTS: Seventy-one overtly proteinuric (urine protein:creatinine ratio >0.5), 74 borderline proteinuric (urine protein:creatinine ratio 0.21 to 0.5) and 234 non-proteinuric dogs (urine protein:creatinine ratio ≤.2) were included. Proteinuria (urine protein:creatinine ratio >0.2) was less prevalent in dogs diagnosed with chronic enteropathy (11% [4/35] vs. 41% [141/344]; P < .001) compared to the rest of the population. Proteinuria was more prevalent in dogs with chronic hepatitis (71% [10/14] vs. 37% [135/365]) and tended to be more prevalent in dogs with pancreatitis (57% [12/21] vs. 37% [133/358]; P = .103) compared to the rest of the population. On multivariable analysis, serum C-reactive protein concentration was independently associated with increased odds of proteinuria (OR = 1.031 [95% CI: 1.012 to 1.051]; P = .001) and a diagnosis of chronic enteropathy was independently associated with decreased odds of proteinuria (OR = 0.21 [95% CI: 0.064 to 0.681]; P = .009). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Systemic inflammation might be associated with proteinuria in dogs, although further investigations to evaluate if proteinuria resolves following the resolution of these conditions are required to confirm any causal association.
Source: Journal of Small Animal Practice
DOI: 10.1111/jsap.70040
Authors: E. Ruane, M. M. A. Rodgers, C. H. Z. Hare, K. E. McCallum, T. L. Williams
Institution: University of Cambridge
Language: English
Subfield: Small Animals
Field: Veterinary
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,520
OpenAlex ID: W4415683580