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Bacterial–host interactions in periodontal prognosis: Role of P. gingivalis and IL-8

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: The combined effects of Porphromonas gingivalis with other pathogens and host inflammatory on treatment prognosis remain underexplored. This study investigated associations between P. gingivalis bacterial co-infection, salivary IL-8 levels, and prognosis following non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Seventy-four participants underwent NSPT were recruited. Subgingival specimens were collected before treatment and analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Salivary IL-8 levels and periodontal clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and one month after scaling and root-planing (SRP). Saliva samples were analyzed for IL-8 levels using a commercial kit. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between pathogens, IL-8, and prognosis. Participants with Prevotella intermedia had significantly higher IL-8 levels at baseline and post-treatment ( P = 0.03 and P < 0.01). P. gingivalis was associated with significantly higher percentages of sites with PD ≥ 5 mm at both time points ( P = 0.04 and P = 0.02). After adjusting for IL-8 and smoking, P. gingivalis was associated with higher residual PD ≥ 5 mm (5.11 %, P < 0.05), but lost significance after adjusting for oral health behaviors. After full adjustment, baseline P. gingivalis without Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was associated with higher residual PD ≥ 5 mm (7.83 %, P < 0.05), whereas co-infection attenuated this association (−0.49 %, P > 0.05). P. gingivalis was associated with residual PD ≥ 5 mm, with its effect modified by smoking status, IL-8 levels, and oral health behaviors. Although co-infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans showed no significant effect, the attenuating trend warrants further investigation.

Source: Journal of Dental Sciences

DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.10.006

Authors: Ying-Chu Lin, Ting-Yi Renn, Chang-Yu Lee, Nai-Chia Teng, Yung-Kai Huang

Institutions: Kaohsiung Medical University, Taipei Medical University, Taipei Medical University Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Oral microbiology and periodontitis research

Subfield: Periodontics

Field: Dentistry

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,600