A Comprehensive Analysis of Hedychium Spicatum for Its Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant Activity, Antibacterial Properties, and Cancer-Fighting Potential
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Hedychium spicatum, a medicinal plant from the Zingiberaceae family, was evaluated for its phytochemical composition, antioxidant, anti-microbial, and anticancer activities using extracts prepared with solvents of varying polarity (water, ethanol, and acetone). Extraction yields were highest with water (55.8%), followed by ethanol (46.8%) and acetone (42.6%). Phytochemical screening revealed that the water tract contained the broadest range of secondary metabolites, encompassing tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, phenols, saponins, and carbohydrates. Quantitative analyses showed greatest total phenolic content (16.67mg/g) along with total flavonoid content(2.99mg/g) in the water extract, correlating with superior antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (77.54%), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (89.70%), along with Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assay (4571.43 µM Fe (II)/g) assays. Atimicrobial study indicated that the water extract exhibited the most potent activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, with select extract fractions demonstrating low minimum inhibitory concentrations. Anticancer screening revealed significant cytotoxicity of water and ethanol extract fractions against HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, with water fractions 3 and 5 showing the highest activity. Water and ethanol bioactive fractions confirmed the presence of tannic acid, ferulic, and vanillic acid. The results support traditional use of H. spicatum and highlight the potential of its polar extracts and bioactive fractions for therapeutic applications in antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer drug development.
DOI: 10.14419/mwheph81
Authors: Kanchan Lakhera, Swapna Kumar Srivastava
Institution: IFTM University
Subfield: Pharmacology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4415773018
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