Work

Generalised tetanus managed with continuous diazepam infusion in a resource-constrained setting: a case report

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Introduction Tetanus is a neuromuscular illness caused by Clostridium tetani, which is an anaerobic spore-forming bacteria, found in soil and faeces. Even though C. tetani is present everywhere, mostly found in poor and crowded areas. Primary vaccination campaigns have led to a decline in the prevalence of tetanus in developed nations. If tetanus is identified and treated early, the prognosis is favourable. It is important to raise awareness of this potentially fatal and debilitating illness. Method We present a case of a 50-year-old male diagnosed with generalised tetanus purely on clinical grounds and successfully managed with prolonged diazepam infusion with maintenance of safety and ventilatory support, cost-effective ICU care and reducing the cost of treatment in the absence of immunoglobulin. Results The patient showed gradual improvement with diazepam infusion and ICU care and was discharged with complete resolution of tetanic spasms by the time of discharge. Conclusion Timely diagnosis, strong clinical suspicion, and quality ICU care can ensure recovery in this rare but potentially fatal disease.

Source: Journal of Rare Diseases

DOI: 10.1007/s44162-025-00126-6

Authors: Sanchit Shailendra Chouksey, Akansha Jain, Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia, Varun Kumar Singh

Institutions: Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University

Language: English

Topic: Diphtheria, Corynebacterium, and Tetanus

Subfield: Endocrinology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4415790781