Work

Modular IoT Hydroponics System

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Hydroponics offers a promising alternative to soil-based agriculture, enabling higher yields, resource efficiency, and improved crop quality. This study compares traditional hydroponic setups with systems enhanced through the Internet of Things (IoT) framework using the Nutrient Film Technique and a proportional–integral controller, focusing on growth performance and environmental control. Systems incorporating Internet of Things technology achieved a growth rate of 0.94 cm/day versus 0.16 cm/day for conventional setups, due to precise water temperature control, optimized lighting, data acquisition, targeted nutrients, and reduced pest incidence. The integration of Industry 4.0 principles further enhances sustainable production and resource management. Statistical validation under diverse conditions is recommended. Future work will add environmental sensors, refine mechanical design, and explore machine learning for adaptive control, highlighting the potential of Internet of Things–based hydroponics to transform agriculture through intelligent, efficient, and eco-friendly cultivation.

Source: Horticulturae

DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae11111306

Authors: Manlio Fabio Aranda Barrera, Hiram Ponce

Institutions: Universidad Panamericana, campus Ciudad de México, Universidad Panamericana

Language: English

Topic: Innovations in Aquaponics and Hydroponics Systems

Subfield: Aquatic Science

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Domain: Life Sciences

SDGs: Zero hunger, Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,654