Work

Bismuth‐Integrated Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanostructures Enabling Broad Electrolyte Compatibility for Mg‐Ion Batteries

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Bismuth has emerged as a promising alloying anode for magnesium‐ion batteries (MIBs), offering high theoretical capacity with a low electrode potential, and thus serving as a viable alternative to Mg metal. Herein, Bi nanoparticle (NP)‐integrated nitrogen‐doped carbon nanostructures (Bi@nCN) are synthesized via a scalable one‐step carbothermal reduction of BiOCl and Mg phthalocyanine. The resulting Bi@nCN features finely dispersed Bi NPs embedded in a nitrogen‐doped carbon matrix, forming a stress‐relieving architecture that accommodates the structural changes associated with the two‐phase reaction between Bi and Mg 3 Bi 2 . Bi@nCN demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance, with high capacity retention, superior rate capability, and minimal polarization growth. Furthermore, full cells employing Bi@nCN anodes exhibit stable operation in chloride‐free electrolytes, including ether‐ and nitrile‐based systems, in which Mg metal typically develops insulating passivation layers. These findings highlight the potential of Bi@nCN to enable stable Mg‐ion storage in chloride‐free electrolytes, overcoming the intrinsic limitations of Mg metal anodes and expanding the scope of MIB chemistry with new electrolyte and cathode combinations.

Source: Batteries & Supercaps

DOI: 10.1002/batt.202500616