Combination of Citrus aurantifolia Fruit Rind and Theobroma cacao Seed Extracts Stimulates Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Secretion by Activating hTAS2Rs and the Phospholipase C-Mediated Signaling Pathway in NCI-H716 Cells
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: LN19183 is a proprietary blend containing Citrus aurantifolia fruit rind and Theobroma cacao seed extracts in a 2:1 ratio.Recently, LN19183 was found to improve serum glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels after 16 weeks of intake in overweight adults.However, its specific mechanisms remain unknown.Therefore, the present study evaluated whether LN19183 acts through the bitter taste receptor-phospholipase C (PLC)-calcium signaling pathway in the human enteroendocrine L-cell line NCI-H716.The results showed that LN19183 dose-dependently increased relative GLP-1 secretion and reached statistical significance at 50 g/mL (P<0.05).At the same dose, LN19183 selectively amplified the mRNA expression of bitter taste receptors (hTAS2R3, hTAS2R45, and most strongly, hTAS2R46) and concurrently increased the mRNA expression of -gustducin.In addition, LN19183 upregulated the mRNA expression of proglucagon and prohormone convertase 1/3.To determine its mechanisms, cells were treated with U73122 (a PLC inhibitor) and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor inhibitor).These treatments inhibited the mRNA expression of proglucagon and secretion of GLP-1.Collectively, these findings indicate that LN19183 activates hTAS2R46--gustducin-PLC signaling to stimulate the biosynthesis and secretion of GLP-1.These data provide a molecular rationale for the increase in GLP-1 observed in previous animal and human studies of LN19183, thereby positioning this botanical as a promising adjunct for the prevention or comanagement of obesity and related metabolic diseases.
Institution: Cosmax Inc. (South Korea)
Language: English
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W4415855267