The Strains Enterococcus faecalis as Contaminants of Raw Goat Milk and Their Treatment with Postbiotic Active Substances Produced by Autochthonous Lactococci
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Enterococci from raw goat milk were taxonomically allotted in the species Enterococcus faecalis using sequencing (16S rRNA and BLASTn analysis) with a percentage identity up to 99.91%. The virulence factor gene gelE was found in the strains EE/K3, EE/G3, and EE/G6. The agg gene was detected in the strain EE/G6, and the esp gene was detected in the strains EE/K5 and EE/G7. Each strain possessed at least one virulence factor gene. In the strain EE/G6, the gelE and esp genes were found. The strains EE/G6 and EE/G3 showed resistance to tetracycline and vancomycin. EE/G7 was resistant to vancomycin and gentamicin. All strains possessed low-grade biofilm-forming ability (0.1 < A570 ≤ 1.0). They possessed genes for biofilm formation (bopD, srt, and/or ace). They also produced esterase (20–40 nmo/L), esterase lipase, and α-chymotrypsin (10–40 nmoL). The values of acid phosphatase reached 20–40 nmoL. The strains EE/G3, EE/G6, and EE/G7 were observed to possess the most pathogenicity. However, all strains were susceptible to postbiotic active substances produced by two autochthonous lactococci, MK2/8 and MK1/3 (inhibitory activity up to 400 AU/mL). These postbiotic substances provide a new potential alternative to reducing contaminants in milk.
Source: Processes
DOI: 10.3390/pr13113552
Language: English
Subfield: Food Science
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,896
Awards: Metóda pre hodnotenie mikrobiologickej kvality surového kozieho mlieka a aplikácia autochtónnych kyslomliečnych baktérií pri spracovaní nebovinných mliek, Funkčné potraviny na báze kozieho mlieka a ich prospešnosť pre zdravie, G7761450427, Bakteriocíny a ich prospešnosť pri redukcii nežiaducich, biofilm-produkujúcich baktérií z potravín a z prostredia ich výroby
OpenAlex ID: W4415908675