Work

Metabolic profile and bioactivity of the rhizome oil of Kaempferia parviflora from Eastern India

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Kaempferia parviflora (black ginger) is a tropical edible medicinal plant with valuable rhizome product used in the pharmaceutical industry for wide beneficial health effects in curing various diseases. The current study aims to analyse compounds present in rhizome oil using Gas Chromatography-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). Hydro distillation was used to extract the essential oil from the plant rhizomes. 129 compounds were identified by GC TOF-MS analysis, with the main components being benzenepropanol, à-methyl-acetate (9.78 ± 0.01%), camphene (9.39 ± 0.01%), α-pinene (7.50 ± 0.01%), linalool (5.46 ± 0.01%), and camphore (5.04 ± 0.01%). Moreover, in this investigation, Benzenepropanol, à-methyl-, acetate, is Reported for the first time as a major constituent. The cytotoxic potential of the oil was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against a broad spectrum of human cancer cell lines, including the IC 50 value of A549 (38.73 ± 0.01 µg/mL), A431 (68.33 ± 0.02 µg/mL), HCT-15 (68.33 ± 0.01 µg/mL), KB (88.57 ± 0.03 µg/mL), LN-18 (43.23 ± 0.01 µg/mL), Panc-1 (46.68 ± 0.01 µg/mL), and SKBR-3(11.79 ± 0.01 µg/mL). HEK293 (non-cancer cell line) was also included to check its cytotoxicity towards normal cells. Antimicrobial activities were assessed against Staphylococcus aureus , Bacillus subtilis , Staphylococcus epidermidis , Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans using disc diffusion method, showing highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) against Klebsiella pneumoniae , Candida albicans (30 ± 0.01 mm) and the lowest against Bacillus subtilis (16 ± 0.02 mm). The antioxidant activity revealed better IC 50 values in both 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) as 0.50 ± 0.01 mg/ml and 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) as 0.40 ± 0.01 mg/ml assays. Hence, the obtained cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of the tested oil, proved the potent quality of the Kaempferia parviflora oil. Hence, it can be used as an alternative antibiotic as well as antioxidant agent in the field of medicine and its commercialization in the global market.

Source: Scientific Reports

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19296-w

Authors: Rajashree Panigrahi, Sameer Ranjan Sahoo, Biswabhusan Dash, Reena Parida

Institution: Siksha O Anusandhan University

Language: English

Topic: Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity

Subfield: Food Science

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,690