Work

Accidental coincidences in camera-based high-dimensional entanglement certification

Year: 2025

Type: conference-paper

Abstract: High-dimensional entangled states, such as spatially entangled photon pairs produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC), are a key resource for quantum technologies. In recent years, camera-based coincidence counting approaches have considerably improved the ability to characterize them in terms of speed and dimensionality. However, these methods have limitations, including in most of them the necessity to subtract accidental coincidences. Here, we study the role of these accidentals in entanglement certification for a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array and an intensified time-stamping (Tpx3Cam) camera. Using both Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) and entropy-based criteria, we show that the level of accidental coincidences-determined by the temporal characteristics of the camera-and whether they are subtracted critically impact entanglement certification. In particular, we demonstrate that current single-photon camera technologies enable entanglement certification without accidental subtraction only if a Gaussian approximation is applied to the measured two-photon state. Our work is important for developing quantum-optics applications in adversarial scenarios, such as high-dimensional quantum key distribution (HD-QKD) and also for loophole-free experimental testing of quantum foundations.

Source: SPIE Quantum Technologies

DOI: 10.1117/12.3112235

Authors: Raphaël Guitter, Baptiste Courme, Chloé Vernière, Peter Svihra, Andrei Nomerotski, Hugo Defienne