Work

Simplified Fracture Mechanics Analysis at the Zinc–Adhesive Interface in Galvanized Steel–CFRP Single-Lap Joints

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Adhesively bonded joints between galvanized steel and carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are critical in modern lightweight structures, but their performance is often limited by failure at the zinc-adhesive interface. This study presents a parametric analysis to investigate the influence of key geometric parameters on interfacial cracking in a single-lap joint (SLJ) configuration, employing a simplified analytical methodology based on Interface Fracture Mechanics (IFM). The model combines the Goland-Reissner approach for estimating crack-tip loads with highly simplified, constant shape functions to calculate the energy release rate (Gint) and phase angle (ψ). To provide a practical reference, experimental data from shear tests on S350 GD galvanized steel bonded to CFRP were used to estimate the range of interfacial fracture toughness for this material system. The parametric results demonstrate that, for a constant load, increasing the overlap length reduces the crack driving force (Gint), while increasing the adhesive thickness raises it. Crucially, the model indicates that a thicker adhesive layer shifts the fracture mode from shear- to opening-dominated, a trend consistent with the established mechanics of SLJs, where increased joint rotation amplifies peel stresses. The study concludes that while the use of constant shape functions limits the model's quantitative accuracy, this simplified analytical framework effectively captures the qualitative influence of key geometric parameters on the joint's fracture behavior. It serves as a valuable and resource-efficient tool for preliminary design explorations and for interpreting experimentally observed failure trends in galvanized steel-CFRP joints.

Source: Materials

DOI: 10.3390/ma18215038

Authors: Maciej Adam Dybizbański, Katarzyna Rzeszut

Institution: Poznań University of Technology

Language: English

Topic: Mechanical Behavior of Composites

Subfield: Mechanics of Materials

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,137

Funder: Politechnika Poznańska