Analyzing the Impact of Demand Response on Short-Circuit Current via a Unit Commitment Model
Year: 2026
Type: conference-paper
Abstract: In low-carbon grids, system flexibility can be enhanced through mechanisms such as Demand Response (DR), enabling the efficient utilization of renewable energy. However, as Synchronous Generators (SGs) are being replaced by renewable energy sources characterized by Inverter-Based Resources (IBR), system stability is severely affected. Due to the limited overload capability of IBRs, their Short-Circuit Current (SCC) contribution is much smaller than that of SGs. As a result, protection devices may fail to trip during faults. Consequently, the remaining SGs play a key role in providing sufficient SCC. Since the commitment of SGs is closely related to system loading conditions, DR can indirectly affect their SCC provision, a relationship that has not yet been investigated in the literature. Therefore, this paper incorporates both DR and SCC constraints into a unit commitment problem and conducts case studies on an IEEE 30-bus system. The results show that although DR can reduce total costs by adjusting power demand, it may also lead to inadequate SCC levels. Nevertheless, when flexible loads are properly coordinated with SCC requirements, the total cost increases by only 0.3%, which is significantly lower than the cost of system dispatch without DR. This demonstrates that DR can facilitate stable system operation in a cost-effective manner.
Authors: Peng Wang, Zhengmao Li, Luis Badesa
Institutions: Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Aalto University
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4415936505
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