Bayesian network 3D event reconstruction in the Cygno optical TPC for dark matter direct detection
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: 60:40) gas mixture at atmospheric pressure and a triple Gas Electron Multiplier amplification stage, coupled with a scientific camera for high-resolution 2D imaging and fast photomultipliers for time-resolved scintillation light detection. This setup enables 3D event reconstruction: photomultiplier signals provide depth information, while the camera delivers high-precision transverse resolution. In this work, we present a Bayesian Network-based algorithm designed to reconstruct the events using only the photomultiplier signals, inferring a 3D description of the particle trajectories. The algorithm models the light collection process probabilistically and estimates spatial and intensity parameters on the Gas Electron Multiplier plane, where light emission occurs. It is implemented within the Bayesian Analysis Toolkit and uses Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling for posterior inference. Validation using data from the CYGNO LIME prototype shows accurate reconstruction of localized and extended straight tracks. Results demonstrate that the Bayesian approach enables robust 3D description and, when combined with camera data, opens the way to future improvements in spatial and energy resolution. This methodology represents a significant step forward in directional dark matter detection, enhancing the identification of nuclear recoil tracks with high spatial resolution.
Source: The European Physical Journal C
Authors: Fernando Domingues Amaro, Rita Antonietti, Elisabetta Baracchini, Luigi Benussi, Stefano Bianco, Francesco Borra, Cesidio Capoccia, Michele Caponero, Gianluca Cavoto, Igor Abritta Costa, Antonio Croce, Emiliano Dané, Melba D’Astolfo, Giorgio Dho, Flaminia Di Giambattista, Emanuele Di Marco, Giulia D’Imperio, Matteo Folcarelli, Joaquim Marques Ferreira Dos Santos, Davide Fiorina, Francesco Iacoangeli, Zahoor Ul Islam, Herman Pessoa Lima, Ernesto Kemp, Giovanni Maccarrone, Rui Daniel Passos Mano, David José Gaspar Marques, Luan Gomes Mattosinhos de Carvalho, Giovanni Mazzitelli, Alasdair Gregor McLean, Pietro Meloni, Andrea Messina, Cristina Maria Bernardes Monteiro, Rafael Antunes Nobrega, Igor Fonseca Pains, Emiliano Paoletti, Luciano Passamonti, Fabrizio Petrucci, Stefano Piacentini, Davide Piccolo, Daniele Pierluigi, Davide Pinci, Atul Prajapati, Francesco Renga, Rita Joana Cruz Roque, Filippo Rosatelli, Alessandro Russo, Giovanna Saviano, Pedro Alberto Oliveira Costa Silva, Neil John Curwen Spooner, Roberto Tesauro, Sandro Tomassini, Samuele Torelli, Donatella Tozzi
Institutions: University of Coimbra, Roma Tre University, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma Tre, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Gran Sasso Science Institute, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, ENEA Frascati Research Centre, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma I, Sapienza University of Rome, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, University of Sheffield, University of L'Aquila, Basque Centre for Climate Change
Language: English
Subfield: Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4415960649