Comparative Evaluation of Nickel Release from Three Commercially Available Stainless Steel Crowns: An In Vitro Study
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: The moist and warm nature of the oral cavity, along with favorable aerobic conditions, offers an environment for electrochemical and electrolytic activity.9 Nickel-containing stainless steel crowns can undergo corrosion with the release of metal ions.The liberation of metal ions such as nickel from dental alloys can be a cause for concern because of their systemic toxicity, immunogenic, and mutagenic changes.10 The nickel and other metal ion release due to corrosion should not exceed the toxic dose of 10 ppm per kg body weight.11 IntroductIonPreformed metal crowns (PMC), more widely referred to as stainless steel crowns (SSC), have been extensively used for the restoration of posterior teeth in pediatric dentistry for over 65 years.They were initially described in 1950 by Engel and later by Humphrey. 1 Stainless steel crowns are prefabricated crowns that are adaptable to specific deciduous molars and can be cemented in place to provide a definitive restoration.They are comparatively sturdy, inexpensive, subject to minimal technique sensitivity during placement, and offer the benefit of full coronal coverage.2 Constituents of these crowns are mainly 18% chromium, 8% nickel, and small amounts of other elements.They belong to the category of 18-8 stainless steel.3 Nickel is considered an essential trace element and a constituent of stainless steel crowns.As described by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1991, 0.2 ppm per kg body weight of nickel can cause systemic manifestations.4 The average dietary intake of nickel has been estimated to be 200-300 ppm/day.5,6 It provides high strength and corrosion resistance to the alloy by means of stabilizing the austenitic phase and improving the anticorrosive property of the alloy.7 Nickel-based alloys offer the benefit of an increased modulus of elasticity that allows thinner alloy sections to be used, and thereby less preparation of teeth is required.
Language: English
Subfield: Orthodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4415986126