Associations between anxious-depression and cognitive change and mild cognitive impairment: HCHS/SOL Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study examined the associations between anxious-depression symptoms with cognitive change and prevalent mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos. METHODS: Participants were enrolled in the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA) and the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Anxiety and depression were measured at Visit 1 using the 10-item Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, with latent class analysis applied to derive anxious-depression phenotypes based on items from both scales. Cognitive tests were completed at Visits 1 and 2 (average 7-years follow-up), where change was assessed using a change index between Visit 1 and 2, and function was assessed at Visit 2. Prevalent MCI was assessed using National Institute on Aging diagnostic criteria. Regression models were used to investigate the association of anxious-depression phenotypes with cognitive function, change, and MCI. RESULTS: In 6140 participants (mean age = 56.5 ± 8.1-years), three anxious-depression profiles were identified: low (62 %), moderate (30 %), and high (8 %). All three profiles were associated with cognitive function at Visit 2, where high and moderate phenotypes were associated with lower cognitive scores compared to low. Moderate and high anxious-depression phenotypes were associated with greater prevalence of MCI compared to low (OR [95 % CI] = 1.64 [1.25; 2.16] and OR = 1.62 [1.12; 2.33], respectively). We found no associations between cognitive change and anxious-depression phenotype. DISCUSSION: Co-occurring elevated anxiety and depression symptoms were associated with lower cognitive function and increased prevalence MCI 7-years later, but not overall changes in cognitive function between Visit 1 and Visit 2.
Source: International Psychogeriatrics
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,500
Funders: Office of Dietary Supplements, University of Miami, Northwestern University, San Diego State University, Institut National Du Cancer, National Institutes of Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Gillings School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, University of Illinois at Chicago, National Institute on Aging, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Cancer Institute, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities
Awards: G1081972346, G1140476625, G122677224, G1312369436, G1327559120, Hispanic Community Health Study, G1455175283, Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA), G1818487580, G1845395357, G1866572497, G1984718218, G2466919156, HISPANIC COMMUNITY HEALTH STUDY - FIELD CENTER, G2494211023, G2644289446, G2651066328, G2655143993, G2874865971, G308844681, G3189559793, Hispanic Community Health Study, G3614733703, G3722034730, G432753757, Hispanic Community Health Study, G4421869008, G5015503974, G5102588038, G528357465, G543802643, G5785169696, G596642789, G6088185517, G6149955053, G6202424770, G627395113, G6405494218, G7132511053, G7692629455, G820454163, HISPANIC COMMUNITY HEALTH STUDY-268065233, G8987601928, UCSD Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center P30, Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging-Alzheimer's disease, Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease Among Latinos: Relationships Between Cardiovascular Disease Risk, Acculturation, Small Vessel Disease, and Alzheimer's Biomarkers, G937084196
OpenAlex ID: W4408528951