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Chronic Severe Aortic Regurgitation in a Child Due to Congenital Hypoplastic Right Coronary Cusp: A Report of a Rare Case

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Congenital hypoplasia of the aortic valve cusp is extremely rare. Such anomalies may predispose to valvular dysfunction, endocarditis, and, in some cases, sudden cardiac events. We report a very rare case of a 13-year-old girl presenting with failure to thrive and exertional dyspnea. Clinical examination revealed a grade 3/6 to-and-fro ejection systolic and early diastolic murmur at the right upper sternal border. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a tricuspid aortic valve with a markedly hypoplastic right coronary cusp, leading to severe eccentric aortic regurgitation. CT angiography confirmed asymmetric cusp morphology. The patient underwent surgical aortic valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. Hypoplastic right coronary cusp is a rare anomaly of the aortic valve. Early recognition using multimodality imaging and timely surgical intervention are essential for preventing adverse outcomes.

Source: Cureus

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.96460

Authors: Avinash D Arke, Ajay Pandey, Rinita Ajey, Priyanka Balkhe, Ravindra Varma

Institution: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

Language: English

Topic: Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments

Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W4416095655