Work

Enhanced optical bistability in slotted photonic crystal structure for microwave frequency generation

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: This study proposes a novel silicon nanocrystal SiNC/SiO[Formula: see text] embedded slotted photonic crystal nanocavity employing precise width modulation to explore optical bistability and self-pulsing behavior for microwave signal generation. The designed cavity achieves an ultra-high quality factor (Q) of [Formula: see text] and a low modal volume of [Formula: see text]. Theoretical modeling incorporating Kerr nonlinearity, two-photon absorption, and free carrier effects is used to analyze the bistability response. Simulation results reveal a low threshold power of [Formula: see text] for optical bistability under a - 20 pm detuning condition. Additionally, the cavity demonstrates microwave frequency generation through self-pulsing oscillations, with a fundamental mode and observable second harmonic at 21.34 GHz. Fabrication tolerance is also evaluated, showing that the design sustains performance with up to 9% randomness in hole radii, 12% in x-position, and 20% in z-position of air holes. These findings confirm the feasibility of the proposed structure for low-power, high-frequency integrated photonic applications.

Source: Scientific Reports

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-20992-w

Authors: Akash Kumar Pradhan, Chandra Prakash, Sambit Satpathy, Jibitesh Kumar Panda

Institutions: Vellore Institute of Technology University, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Galgotias University, Galgotias College of Engineering & Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education

Language: English

Topic: Photonic Crystals and Applications

Subfield: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

Field: Physics and Astronomy

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,690

OpenAlex ID: W4416113307