Work

Adaptive Packetization Model (AABF+) and Microblocks for an Intelligent Atmospheric Emissions Monitoring System on a Consortium Blockchain

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Real-time monitoring of atmospheric emissions is critical for ensuring transparency, compliance, and rapid response to environmental risks. However, traditional systems often suffer from latency and a lack of verifiable data integrity. This paper presents AABF+, an adaptive packetization and microblock model built on a permissioned blockchain that supports intelligent emissions monitoring. The proposed system dynamically groups sensor readings into microblocks and commits them using Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus, enabling both high throughput and verifiable traceability. Unlike fixed-window blockchains, AABF+ adapts the microblock size and time window based on incoming data rates, balancing responsiveness and reliability. The model was implemented and experimentally evaluated in an edge-class 1 GbE testbed under real MRV (Measurement–Reporting–Verification) conditions. Results show that AABF+ achieves a median end-to-end latency of 0.96 s for single-record transactions and 3.07 s for 1000-record batches, while maintaining strong cryptographic verification of all entries. These findings demonstrate that AABF+ provides second-level data freshness with verifiable provenance, offering a practical foundation for digital environmental governance and regulatory compliance in Industry 4.0 ecosystems.

Source: Information

DOI: 10.3390/info16110976

Authors: Dilara Abzhanova, Andrii Biloshchytskyi

Institutions: Astana IT University, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture

Language: English

Topic: Blockchain Technology Applications and Security

Subfield: Information Systems

Field: Computer Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Climate action, Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,930