Work

A Self-Consistent Electrostatic Electrified Shallow Water Model for Charged Liquid Surface Dynamics

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: The dynamics of an electrified liquid surface are investigated using a shallow water model that is self-consistently coupled with an electrostatic solver. To account for the spatiotemporal variation of a curved liquid surface, the electric field on curved surfaces is calculated by solving a two-dimensional electrostatic equation using the weighted least squares (WLSQ) interpolation method. First, the WLSQ implementation is verified with analytical theory obtained from a Laplace solution assuming a half-cylinder liquid surface profile. Then, the coupled electrified shallow water model is used to study the instability of liquid surface perturbation as a function of the potential drop between an electrode and conducting liquid, surface tension, and gravity. We present a linear dispersion theory of liquid surface instability for long-wavelength perturbations, including the effects of liquid viscosity. Furthermore, the effects of multiple sinusoidal surface perturbations on the electrified liquid surface instability are investigated.

Source: Physics of Plasmas

DOI: 10.1063/5.0287263

Authors: S. Suzuki, M. N. Shneider, K. Hara

Institutions: Stanford University, Princeton University

Language: English

Topic: Electrohydrodynamics and Fluid Dynamics

Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: hybrid

Funders: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science