Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Clinical Profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Lower Respiratory Tract Samples: A Cross-sectional Study
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause respiratory tract infections, skin infections in burns and blood stream infections. Respiratory tract infections, skin infections in burns and blood stream infections by P. aeruginosa are major causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Emerging resistance to different drugs is becoming a major problem worldwide. Aim: To assess about the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility of P. aeruginosa isolated from lower respiratory tract. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Amala Institute of Medical Sciences Thrissur, Kerala, India, a tertiary care centre for a period of six months, from December 2022 to May 2023 after obtaining ethical clearance. Out of 2236 lower respiratory tract samples, 71 P. aeruginosa isolates cultured from sputum and bronchial wash from inpatients of General Medicine, Respiratory Medicine and Pulmonary Medicine who were included in the study by consecutive sampling method. Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from lower respiratory tract samples, identified and antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by manual and automated methods. History and clinical details of patients were collected from wards and Intensive Care Unit (ICUs) by using a proforma after getting informed consent from them. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates and to analyse the clinical profile of the patients. Similar study of this kind has not been published from Central Kerala recently. Results: In a six month period, out of 2236 lower respiratory tract samples, 71 Pseudomonas aeruginosa were included in the study. Mean age was 64 years. A total of 29 (40%) patients had the habit of smoking, 25 (35%) had Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), 16 (23%) had bronchiectasis. One patient had cystic fibrosis, 29 (41%) had a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia. Susceptibility of different antibiotics was as follows: Meropenem-89%, Imipenem-80%, Ciprofloxacin-85%, Ceftazidime-37% Piperacillin tazobactam and Cefaperozone sulbactam-39%. Multidrug Resistant (MDR) strains were 14 (20%). Conclusion: This study revealed that, three fourths of the patients had chronic respiratory illness. Meropenem and Amikacin were the most susceptible drugs. Several treatment options are now available for difficult to treat Pseudomonas, but the increasing rates of resistance is a major concern to be addressed.
Authors: Subi Das, Krishnakumar Easwaramangalath Venugopal, Sreelekshmi Prasad, Athira Shaji, Sandhra Sathish
Language: English
Subfield: Molecular Medicine
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $275
OpenAlex ID: W4416239919
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