Quantitative Assessment of Levels of Salivary Thiocyanate and Lactate Dehydrogenase Enzyme Activity in Smokers with Periodontitis
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Aim: This research sought to compare and correlate the salivary thiocyanate (SCN) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels of smokers with those of non-smokers in periodontitis patients.Materials and methods: Forty systemically healthy male patients were recruited and assigned into four groups of 10 patients each.Group I composed of periodontally sound non-smokers with probing pocket depth (PPD) not more than 3 mm and absence of clinical attachment loss (CAL) represented the control group, group II incorporated smokers with the same periodontal criteria as mentioned for group I, group III consists of non-smokers with PPD and CAL of more than 3 mm (moderate to severe chronic periodontitis) with bleeding on probing, and smokers with the same periodontal criteria as mentioned for group III formed group IV.Unstimulated pooled saliva was collected and stored at -20°C for assessment of the levels of thiocyanate and LDH using a UV spectrophotometer.All the data were analyzed by SYSTAT 12 statistical software system.Results: According to the findings, smokers with and without periodontitis (group II and group IV) had significantly higher levels of SCN and LDH when compared to non-smokers with chronic periodontitis (group III) and healthy controls (group I), with a p-value of 0.001.It was shown that there was a statistically significant positive connection (r = 0.683) between smoking and the levels of thiocyanate and LDH in the saliva (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Cigarette smoking increases levels of SCN and LDH enzyme activity, leading to further progression of periodontitis.Clinical significance: Saliva, an easily collected and noninvasive sample, contains valuable markers, like SCN and LDH, of periodontal disease derived from systemic and local sources.In this study, the salivary biomarkers were assessed using upfront biochemical techniques that are widely used in various scientific fields because of their versatility, quantitative capabilities, speed, cost-effectiveness, and ease of use.
Authors: Pavithra R Seshadri, Nubesh Khan Syed, Muzammil M Ahmed, Munaz Mulla, Bugude S Shankar, Narayane Ramkumar
Language: English
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4416240669