Work

A systematic review of randomized controlled trials on immersive virtual reality for treating anxiety disorders

Year: 2025

Type: review

Abstract: Background Comprehensive evaluations of virtual reality (VR) therapy across various anxiety conditions remain limited. This review evaluates the effectiveness of VR therapy compared to non-VR treatments for anxiety disorders and provide an up-to-date overview. Methods The PRISMA guidelines were followed for reporting of this review. A systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL Complete, and Embase was conducted from August 2014 to August 2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing VR to non-VR treatments for anxiety disorders were included. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Results Analysis of 23 RCTs (n = 1,216 participants) revealed VR treatment is particularly effective for specific phobias and social anxiety disorder, demonstrating comparable efficacy to non-VR treatment. Outcomes for generalized anxiety disorder, agoraphobia, and panic disorder were less robust. While self-guided interventions showed promise, therapist involvement enhanced efficacy. Discussion VR therapy presents a viable alternative to traditional treatments, though limitations include demographic biases and inconsistent protocols. Future research should focus on underrepresented populations. The findings highlight the potential for nurse-led VR interventions to improve accessibility in mental health care.

Source: Clinical Simulation in Nursing

DOI: 10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101849