Work

Photodynamic Therapy Induces Colorectal Cancer Cell Death via GSDME-Dependent Pyroptosis Pathway

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Objective This study aimed to investigate whether photodynamic therapy (PDT) promotes colorectal cancer cell death through the gasdermin E (GSDME)-dependent pyroptosis pathway. Methods Colon cancer cells with high (SW480) or low (RKO) GSDME expression were treated with PDT. Cell viability and morphology were analyzed via flow cytometry, microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Western blot and ELISA were used to detect pyroptosis-related proteins (cleaved caspase-3/7 and GSDME) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β/IL-18). Results PDT markedly increased death in GSDME-high SW480 cells, accompanied by pyroptotic hallmarks (cell swelling, membrane rupture, cytoplasmic leakage), upregulated cleaved caspase-3/7 and GSDME proteins, and significantly elevated inflammatory cytokine secretion. In contrast, GSDME-low RKO cells showed minimal pyroptotic markers but activated caspase-3/7, suggesting apoptosis as the predominant death mode. Conclusions PDT induces colorectal cancer cell death via GSDME-dependent pyroptosis, with efficacy dependent on GSDME expression levels. Enhancing GSDME targeting may improve PDT outcomes, providing a novel approach for therapeutic optimization.

Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.105095

Authors: Baohong Gu, Min Zhao, Hao Chen

Institution: Lanzhou University Second Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies

Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,610