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Development and Validation of a Bilingual Reusable Learning Object to Enhance Mental Health Literacy on Neuroendocrine and Mental Health Disorders Among Youth in Saudi Arabia

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Purpose: Youth in Saudi Arabia increasingly face mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, and stress-related disorders. These issues are compounded by stigma, academic pressure, and limited access to mental health education. Mental health literacy (MHL) remains low, delaying recognition of symptoms and help-seeking. This study aimed to develop and validate a bilingual Reusable Learning Object (RLO) to enhance youth's understanding of mental health, with a focus on the neuroendocrine system's role in mood regulation. Methodology: The RLO was developed in English using the open-source Xerte software, guided by the ASPIRE framework (Aims, Storyboarding, Production, Implementation, Release, Evaluation). The 11-page interactive module covers key topics including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, stress response, symptoms of common mental disorders, misconceptions, and self-help strategies. Multimedia and interactive elements such as animations, flash cards, hotspot images were used to enhance engagement. During RLO development, a panel of experts conducted iterative reviews to ensure the content accuracy and instructional quality. A 2-page of built-in Mental Health literacy instrument using a validated questionnaire was used for evaluation.The module was forward- and back-translated to produce an Arabic version, followed by content validation from six bilingual subject matter experts in Mental Health topics. Results: Expert reviewers were able to capture the RLO's clarity, educational value, and suitability for youth. Strengths included interactivity, visual appeal, and a manageable completion time (10-15 minutes). Recommendations included reducing cognitive load, improving conceptual flow, and enhancing feedback on quiz items. Minor technical and linguistic issues were also addressed. For content validation of the Mental Health literacy instrument, a score of S-VA/Ave was 0.761, indicating that most items were considered relevant by most experts. The low UA of 0.188 was addressed by modifying the RLO content and to preserve the English validated questionnaire integrity. Conclusion: This study presents a rigorously developed and validated bilingual RLO aimed at improving MHL among youth in Saudi Arabia.

Source: Psychology Research and Behavior Management

DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s534155

Authors: Nasriah Zakaria, Alfred Tan, Sheena Tiong, Nik Daliana Nik Farid

Institutions: University of Malaya, Almaarefa University

Language: English

Topic: Health Education and Validation

Subfield: Education

Field: Social Sciences

Domain: Social Sciences

SDGs: Good health and well-being, Quality education

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,836