Work

Soil moisture monitoring technologies in smart agriculture: A comprehensive review

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Soil moisture monitoring is a critical component of modern agriculture, directly impacting crop productivity and resource management. With increasing pressures from climate change, water scarcity, and global food demand, there is a growing need for innovative and data-driven approaches to optimise agricultural practices. This systematic and conceptual review explores the role of advanced technologies in transforming soil moisture monitoring and smart agriculture. It aims to address major global challenges, including food security, water scarcity, and climate variability. By synthesising advancements in Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning (ML), remote sensing, and related technologies, this review aims to elucidate their contributions to precision farming, resource optimisation, and sustainable agricultural practices. The review provides a comprehensive analysis of current trends, methodologies, and technological integrations, identifying key innovations that enhance crop productivity and environmental resilience. It seeks to guide researchers, policymakers, and agritech stakeholders toward scalable, inclusive solutions by highlighting research gaps and proposing future directions for equitable and sustainable agricultural transformation. ✓ HOSNA achieves 94% accuracy and 24% energy savings over traditional WSNs in field trials. ✓ LSTM, RF, and CNN models are benchmarked for soil moisture prediction accuracy and robustness. ✓ TinyML on UAVs, blockchain security, edge computing enable scalable, secure, low-latency smart agriculture. ✓ Addresses sensor calibration, rural connectivity, and cost barriers for smallholder adoption in diverse regions.

Source: Farming System

DOI: 10.1016/j.farsys.2025.100189

Authors: R. Sreeram, S. Adithya Krishna, Aiswarya S. Kumar, S. Remya, Yong Yun Cho

Institutions: Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Sunchon National University

Language: English

Topic: Smart Agriculture and AI

Subfield: Plant Science

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Domain: Life Sciences

SDGs: Zero hunger, Industry, innovation and infrastructure, Climate action

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,800