Work

Fatal Tumor Lysis Syndrome Induced by Pembrolizumab in Advanced Renal Pelvis Cancer

Year: 2025

Type: article

Abstract: Introduction: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) arises from the rapid breakdown of tumor cells during oncological treatment. Although TLS is rarely observed in solid tumors, few studies have documented instances of TLS associated with pembrolizumab. This report presents a case involving pembrolizumab-induced TLS. Case Presentation: A 76-year-old male patient with advanced renal pelvis cancer (T3N2M1) was treated with pembrolizumab as second-line therapy. Four days after the initiation of therapy, the patient developed TLS. Despite intensive therapeutic interventions, he succumbed to the condition on the 10th day. Conclusion: This case highlights a fatal TLS episode after pembrolizumab. Given its poor prognosis, blood monitoring and prophylaxis are warranted in intermediate-risk patients, particularly when multiple non-renal risk factors are present.

Source: IJU Case Reports

DOI: 10.1002/iju5.70097

Authors: Takashi Asakura, Toshiaki Shinojima, Shinnosuke Hiruta, Hirotaka Asakura

Institution: Saitama Medical University

Language: English

Topic: Methemoglobinemia and Tumor Lysis Syndrome

Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $4,960