Tumbleweed-inspired robots with hybrid mobility for terrestrial exploration
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: We present a tumbleweed-inspired rover that integrates passive wind-driven mobility with selective active control, creating a hybrid system capable of carrying heavy payloads while consuming less energy. By analyzing airflow over natural tumbleweeds and solid spheres, we found that the porosity gradient and resulting wake dynamics in tumbleweeds substantially enhance aerodynamic drag and mobility relative to solid forms. Following these findings, we fabricated a bio-inspired spherical shell with a tumbleweed-mimicking porosity profile to enable passive, wind-driven locomotion. When passive motion stalls due to insufficient wind or obstacles, mobility was maintained through an embedded quadcopter, enabling active maneuvers like tumbling, spinning, gliding, and flying. This hybrid approach allows the system to remain primarily passive while activating propulsion only when necessary, reducing energy expenditure. Furthermore, we deployed a mesh network of multiple such rovers to generate spatially distributed environmental maps, with each unit functioning as both transmitter and receiver to ensure reliable data relay even as nodes drift apart. Extensive laboratory and field testing validated the applicability and effectiveness of this hybrid approach, establishing a foundation for unmanned, energy-efficient terrestrial exploration.
Source: Nature Communications
Authors: Sanjay Manoharan, Biruktait Lemecho, Mustafa M. Fadlelmula, Vivek Subramanian
Institution: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Language: English
Subfield: Biomedical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $6,990
OpenAlex ID: W4416430998