Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Description Measles is a highly contagious virus that presents as fever, cough, and a rash that spreads from the face to the rest of the body. Other serious complications, such as pneumonia, deafness, and encephalitis, can occur in immunocompromised and unvaccinated populations. Although there is an effective vaccine, there are currently no FDA-approved antivirals for measles. Moreover, there has been an increased incidence of measles outbreaks in the United States. Two main targets for measles virus antiviral therapies include its surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (H) and fusion (F), which mediate attachment and fusion of the viral and cellular membranes, respectively. After binding of the H-protein to SLAM or nectin-4 on the host cell surface, the F-protein undergoes a conformational change to initiate a fusion event. Using a hybridoma-based approach, we isolated a panel of human monoclonal antibodies from the peripheral blood B cells of vaccinated or naturally infected measles donors that bind either the H or F proteins. These antibodies potently neutralize against a pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis virus expressing measles H and F proteins in vitro by inhibiting viral attachment or fusion. Structural studies will identify critical contact residues between these antibodies and their respective antigens and inform mutational escape assays for likely sites for immune evasion. The protective efficacy of these antibodies will also be assessed using a cotton rat in vivo model. Topic Categories Vaccines and Immunotherapy (VAC)
Source: The Journal of Immunology
Authors: Laura Sofia Handal Assaf, Nurgun Kose, Elad Binshtein, Miguel Ángel Alía, Robert H. Carnahan, James E. Crowe
Language: English
Topic: Virology and Viral Diseases
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W4416446857
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